Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Propranolol Hydrochloride for Nasal Delivery

Gelatin A microspheres of propranolol hydrochloride for intranasal systemic delivery were developed with the aim to avoid fi rst pass metabolism, to improve the patient compliance, to use an alternative therapy to conventional dosage form, to achieve controlled blood level profi les, and to improve the therapeutic effi cacy of propranolol hydrochloride in the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders and as a prophylactic for migraine. Gelatin A microspheres were prepared by emulsion crosslinking method using glutaradehyde as a crosslinking agent. Gelatin and chitosan were used as polymer and co polymer respectively. All the prepared microspheres were evaluated for physical characteristics, such as particle size, incorporation effi ciency, swelling index, in vitro bioadhesion using rat jejunum and in vitro drug release in pH 6.6 phosphate buffer. Average particle size of microspheres was found to be in the size range 1-50 μm. Increase in drug and polymer concentration in the formulation increased incorporation effi ciency. All the microsphers showed good bioadhesive properties and swelling indices and good sustained release of drug. The data indicates that propranolol hydrochloride release followed Higuchi’s matrix and Peppa’s model. Stability studies showed stability of formulation at all the conditions to which they were subjected.